Subterranean Termites: Signs, Habits & Identification
(Reticulitermes)
Subterranean termites live in colonies in the soil and can reach wood through shelter tubes. In California, they’re common and may damage structural wood. Knowing their typical signs can help you decide when to request an inspection, but a professional assessment is needed to confirm an infestation.
Signs of subterranean termites
Look for:
- Mud or shelter tubes on foundations, walls, or other surfaces. These tubes help termites travel between soil and wood.
- Swarmers or discarded wings near doors, windows, or other openings. Swarm timing varies by species and location.
- Wood that is darkened, blistered, or damaged inside. Termite feeding can be hidden beneath the surface.
Mud tubes are a commonly seen sign of subterranean termites. A swarm alone doesn’t confirm that the structure where the insects appeared is infested, so have the evidence assessed before deciding on treatment.
Found a mud tube or swarmers indoors?
How are subterranean termites different from other termites?
Subterranean termites usually nest in soil and use shelter tubes to reach wood. Drywood termites live inside the wood they infest and don’t need soil contact. Dampwood termites are associated with moist or decaying wood.
How can I reduce conditions that attract termites?
Keep untreated wood and wood debris away from soil and foundations. Repair water leaks, address drainage problems, and keep crawl spaces and other areas beneath the home as dry as practical. These steps can reduce conditions that favor termite activity, but they can’t guarantee a home will remain termite-free.
When should I schedule an inspection?
Consider an inspection if you find mud tubes, swarmers indoors, discarded wings, or unexplained wood damage. Don’t choose a treatment based only on a suspected termite type; different species and conditions can call for different approaches.